После войны существенная часть Запорожья была серьезно разрушена. Пострадали как жилые, так и административные здания. Некоторые разрушили во время боев, другие подорвали сами немцы при отступлении. Все это требовалось восстановить, притом чтобы все было не хуже, чем до войны. До начала боевых действий новопостроенный район Запорожья (Большое Запорожье или Новое Запорожье) считались одним из самых красивых в СССР.
На работы в городе привлекли массу народу. Прежде всего, конечно, это была городская молодежь и работники предприятий. Притом, работать строителями им зачастую приходилось сразу в двух местах. Сначала на восстановлении заводов и других рабочих или государственных объектов, а потом на постройке домов.
Также существенную часть составляли и работники села. Колхозников тоже массово привозили в город с двойной целью. С одной стороны, требовались работники для городских строек, а также бывшим селянам предстояло стать работниками запорожских промышленных гигантов.
Также немало было тут и «спецконтингента» в виде военнопленных немцев, японцев, румын и прочих бывших военнослужащих. Условия труда и смертность среди них были довольно высокими, при всех лагерях быстро разрастались кладбища. Работали тут немцы долгие годы и после войны, окончательно все лагеря в районе Запорожья прикрыли в 1950 году, а окончательно отпустили на свободу уже после смерти Сталина, по договоренности между немецким канцлером Аденауэром и советским генсеком Хрущевым.
Советский Союз понес в войне огромные потери – как людские, так и материальные. Но тем не менее, приоритет был отдан строительству больших и пышных по тем меркам зданий. Дома украшали лепниной, колоннами и балкончиками, в дворах даже устанавливали фонтанчики. Насколько все это было оправдано в ситуации, когда люди жили в бараках а то и вообще в землянках – вопрос дискуссионный.
Но тут архитектура поступила на службу пропаганды. Все эти величественные здания должны были символизировать мощь страны Советов, показывать ее величие. Кроме того, они должны были влиять и на дух граждан, чтобы они еще больше гордились своей страной, которая совсем недавно победила Германию, а теперь начнет такое же победоносное мирное строительство.
Застройку вели кварталами вдоль нынешнего проспекта Соборного. Теперь не было ни слова о былом конструктивизме, авторы целиком и полностью использовали приемы классической архитектуры. Большие планы у архитекторов были на нынешнюю площадь Запорожскую. Планировалось поставить там два огромных памятника Ленину и Сталину. Правда, до дела так в те годы и не дошло, а позже Сталина и вовсе заклеймили а насаждение культа личности. Монумент в честь Ленина все-таки появился, но уже много позже.
Читайте также: Запорожский Соцгород: как и за что его критиковали
Главной задачей застройщиков было максимально быстро оформить достойный вид центрального проспекта города. Уже было предусмотрено, что город будет связан мостом или дамбой, и проспект (тогда он носил имя Ленина) пройдет через все Запорожье. Проспект хотели сделать настоящей парадной улицей большого города.
Постепенно росла и этажность новостроек. Если в 1949 году лишь 41 процент новых домов был от трех этажей и выше, то в 1950 году процент вырос до 60, а в 1951 до 72. Появлялись новые здания – школы, больницы, театр, строили и новое здание вокзала.
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Но все равно темпы застройки отставали от желаемых. Все обяснялось тем, что далеко не все дома строил специальный строительный трест «Запорожстрой». Профильная организация работала сравнительно быстро и по плану. В то же время часть участков застройки курировали отдельные организации, которые организовали возведение зданий хозяйственным способом, своими силами и за свои деньги. Это серьезно мешало выполнять план. Например, жилой дом на 12 квартир могли возводить от двух до более трех лет, хотя строительный трест мог бы справиться с той же работой за 4-5 месяцев.
Иногда пытались объединять усилия более мелких организаций, организовать участие в работах и строительного треста, но получалось это не всегда. Поэтому жилья запорожцам все равно не хватало, а центральный проект застраивался медленнее, чем ожидали проектировщики.
Еще одной проблемой стала нехватка материалов. Все строительные организации города не имели собственного производства всего необходимого, поэтому приходилось ждать, пока привезут кирпичи. Это же касалось шифера, плитки, материалов для перекрытия и многого другого.
Читайте также: Запорожские микрорайоны: первый опыт массового строительства
На момент смерти Сталина практически весь проспект успели застроить новыми зданиями, или восстановить старые. В принципе, почти все те здания, которые мы видим в новой части города вдоль проспекта вплоть до пересечения с проспектом Металлургов построены именно в это время. В бывшем шестом поселке немало зданий тоже были построены после войны. Так, серьезной переделке подвергся бывший дом общественных организаций.
Кое-что полностью исчезло. Например, бывший кинотеатр-гигант, серьезно пострадавший во время войны, был полностью снесен. На его месте выстроили многоэтажный жилой дом. В целом же, при реставрации зданий их нередко дополнительно украшали. Тогда это считалось правильным.
Началось и «наступление» на Вознесенку. Да-да, некогда огромную часть города занимало по большому счету, село. Разумеется, игнорировать такую площадку для застройки никто не собирался. Поэтому существенная часть проспекта Ленина была построена на месте вознесеновских хат. Но полная застройка территории села была еще впереди, и ее осуществляли совершенно другими методами.
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Wow, what a masterpiece. This creation of yours is truly a work of art, showcasing your incredible talent and vision. Every detail is meticulously crafted, revealing the depth of your skill and creativity. It’s the kind of piece that captivates viewers, inviting them to explore its intricacies and marvel at its beauty.
https://youtu.be/UcCSp0_-Kcc
You look fresher than a $15 salad. Your vibrant energy and radiant appearance are truly remarkable. Like a gourmet salad bursting with crisp, colorful ingredients, you exude health, vitality, and zest for life. Your presence is refreshing and invigorating, brightening up any room you enter.
https://youtu.be/GL3eVEDHtE4
How come your every post is so perfect! You have an uncanny ability to capture and share moments that resonate deeply with your audience. Your eye for aesthetics, coupled with your knack for storytelling, creates a feed that’s both visually stunning and emotionally engaging. Each post feels carefully curated, yet authentically you.
https://betsoor.live/
Get the fire department on the phone…we have a hottie alert! Your stunning appearance is causing quite a stir! Your confidence and charisma are truly magnetic, drawing admiration from everyone around you. Like a blazing fire, your presence is impossible to ignore, lighting up the room with your undeniable charm and allure.
https://escatter11.fullerton.edu/nfs/show_user.php?userid=7409804
Your creativity is on the next level. You consistently push boundaries and think outside the box, producing innovative ideas that leave others in awe. Your unique perspective and ability to transform concepts into reality set you apart. It’s inspiring to witness your creative process and the remarkable results it yields.
https://numberfields.asu.edu/NumberFields/show_user.php?userid=4662634